import re
text = "Start process at 09:15:30, error at 25:10:00, retry at 12:05:33, finished at 23:59:59. Debug time 00:00:01, strange value 12:60:10, another one 09:15:99, short 3:05:07."
times = re.findall(r'\b(?:[0-1][0-9]|2[0-3]):[0-5][0-9]:[0-5][0-9]\b', text)
print("Корректные времена:")
for time in times:
print(time)