---

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

#include <typeinfo>

using namespace std;

typedef unsigned long ul;
typedef long long int lli;
typedef unsigned long long int ulli;

enum Color {Red, Blue, Green};
enum High {Low = 5, Medium = 30};


struct Students
{
    char* Name;
    int Age;
    float Ball;
};

struct Day {
    int date;
    float id;
};

int main() {
    setlocale(LC_ALL, "Russian");
    char q;
    signed char w; 
    unsigned char e;
    short int r;
    unsigned int t;
    int y;
    long u;
    unsigned long i;
    long long int o;
    unsigned long long int p;
    float a;
    double s;
    long double d;
    bool f;
    Students g;
    cout << "# 1" << "\n";
    cout << "Size:" << "\n";
    cout << "char:" << sizeof(q) << "\n";
    cout << "signed char:" << sizeof(w) << "\n";
    cout << "unsigned char:" << sizeof(e) << "\n";
    cout << "short int:" <<sizeof(r) << "\n";
    cout << "unsigned int:" << sizeof(t) << "\n";
    cout << "int:" << sizeof(y) << "\n";
    cout << "long:" << sizeof(u) << "\n";
    cout << "unsigned long:" << sizeof(i) << "\n";
    cout << "long long int:" << sizeof(o) << "\n";
    cout << "unsigned long long int:" << sizeof(p) << "\n";
    cout << "float:" << sizeof(a) << "\n";
    cout << "double:" << sizeof(s) << "\n";
    cout << "long double:" << sizeof(d) << "\n";
    cout << "bool:" << sizeof(f) << "\n";
    cout << "struct:" << sizeof(g) << "\n";


    cout << "# 2"<< "\n";
    ul s1 = 100;
    lli s2 = 15645646546;
    ulli s3 = 12;
    cout << "ul" << s1 << "\n";
    cout << "lli" << s2 << "\n";
    cout << "ulli" << s3 << "\n";



    cout << "# 3" << "\n";
    Color c1; // Переменная без инициализации
    Color c2 = Green; // Переменная с инициализацией
    High h = Medium;
    c1 = Red;
    if (c1 < c2) {
        cout << "True: c1 < c2 (Red(0)<Green(2)" << "\n";
    } else
        cout << "False: c1 < c2 (Red(0)<Green(2)" << "\n";     
    int calc = Red + 5; // 0+5=5
    int diff = Low - Green; //5-2=3
    cout << "Red + 5 = " << calc << "\n";
    cout << "Low - Green = " << diff << "\n";
    cout << "sizeof(c1):" << sizeof(c1) << "\n";
    cout << "enum(None):" << sizeof(Color) << "\n";
    cout << "enum:" << sizeof(High) << "\n";



    cout << "# 4" << "\n";
    cout << "Размеры базовых типов\n";
    cout << "sizeof(char*)  = " << sizeof(char*) << " байт\n";
    cout << "sizeof(int)    = " << sizeof(int) << " байт\n";
    cout << "sizeof(float)  = " << sizeof(float) << " байт\n\n";
    cout << "Размеры полей структуры\n";
    cout << "sizeof(g.Name)  = " << sizeof(g.Name) << " байт (указатель)\n";
    cout << "sizeof(g.Age)   = " << sizeof(g.Age) << " байт\n";
    cout << "sizeof(g.Ball)  = " << sizeof(g.Ball) << " байт\n\n";
    size_t sum_fields = sizeof(g.Name) + sizeof(g.Age) + sizeof(g.Ball);
    cout << "Сумма размеров полей = " << sum_fields << " байт\n";
    cout << "sizeof(Students) = " << sizeof(Students) << " байт\n";
    
    
    
    cout << "# 5" << "\n";
    int intVal = 1000;
    float floatVal = 3.14159;
    double doubleVal = 999999999.9;
    
    // Явное преобразование
    int fromFloat = static_cast<int>(floatVal);
    float fromInt = static_cast<float>(intVal);
    
    cout << "float -> int (потеря дробной части): " << fromFloat << "\n";
    cout << "int -> float: " << fromInt << "\n";
    
    // Неявное преобразование в выражении
    double result = intVal + floatVal;
    cout << "Неявное приведение в выражении int + float -> double: " << result << "\n";
    
    // Потенциальная потеря точности
    unsigned long long bigNum = 1000000000000;
    int smallCast = static_cast<int>(bigNum);
    cout << "Понижающее преобразование большого числа: " << smallCast << " (возможна потеря данных)\n";


    cout << "# 6" << "\n";
    cout << "typeid(intVal).name(): " << typeid(intVal).name() << "\n";
    cout << "typeid(floatVal).name(): " << typeid(floatVal).name() << "\n";
    cout << "typeid(result).name(): " << typeid(result).name() << "\n";
    cout << "typeid(2 + 3.4).name(): " << typeid(2 + 3.4).name() << "\n"; 


}